ficus species identification

Many are tall forest trees that are buttressed by great spreading roots; others are planted as ornamentals. They are generally fast-growing, very vigorous plants that can be invasive when growing conditions are ideal. As an indoor container plant, it remains under 10 feet tall. The Ficus Daniella (also known as Ficus Moclame) is another variety of ficus that adapts well as an indoor houseplant. With a proper care, this type of outdoor ficus tree can become a delightful ornamental tree in a garden or yard. These long drooping leaves make an attractive feature of this plant. lutchuensis Koidz. Branch Dieback Ficus benjamina: Leaves wilt, die, and fall. This species is sensitive to low light and cold temperatures, so a grower must be cautious when growing the lyrata indoors. However, direct sunlight can burn ficus leaves and cause them to fall off. Although this indoor ficus tree enjoys bright places, you should protect it from long periods of direct sunlight. So, if planting in a container, make sure that water drains freely from the pot. One of the good things about this variety of ficus houseplant is that it’s extremely easy to grow. When the Fiddle-leaf grows outdoors it can reach heights of 50 ft. (15 m) and has a large bushy appearance. Species in following genera are listed in groups on our web pages: Australian Fig trees (Ficus spp. ), Grevilleas (Grevillea spp.) On the right is the variegated cultivar, A popular ficus plant for indoors is the Weeping fig (Ficus benjamina) with its green shiny leaves and bushy appearance. Xanthomonas campestris: Purchase plants free of the disease. A few Ficus species have atypical growth habits that can help you to identify them. The Creeping fig (Ficus pumila) is a type of woody creeping ficus vine that grows just as well indoors as it does outdoors. This plant is unique among the Ficus in that is grows as a vine rather than a tree or shrub. Although fig trees can reach towering heights, they're often grown as much smaller houseplants. Judith Evans has been writing professionally since 2009, specializing in gardening and fitness articles. The Fiddle-Leaf fig is a slow-growing ficus tree that can be grown as a house plant. Specialized wasps enter the fruits through a hole and pollinate the flowers, which produce tiny, seed-containing fruits. For example, the ‘Starlight’ Weeping fig is a cultivar of the ‘Weeping fig’ and is a bushy type of tree plant that has small white and green leaves. Bacterial Leaf Spot Ficus benjamina: Angular yellow spots are limited in size by veins. Chinese elms (Ulmus parvifolia) are not only great trees to grow indoors, but they are … Some types of ficus plant grow well outdoors in warm conditions. The milky sap in fig plants can irritate eyes and skin. and Lilly Pillies, Satinashes (Syzygium species). Extensive surface roots of some fig varieties, including rubber trees and weeping figs, can damage sidewalks and lawnmowers. Wood under the bark is black. Hardy in USDA zones 8 through 11, creeping fig (Ficus pumila) has heart-shaped, 1-inch-long, evergreen leaves. The leaves grow between 3” and 5” (8 – 13 cm) and are long and narrow. Fig species are characterized by their unique inflorescence and distinctive pollination syndrome, which uses wasp species belonging to the family Agaonidae for pollination. It should be placed in indirect sunlight and the soil should be kept moist. Ficus. Let’s look at some of the most popular ficus houseplants. Another small type of ficus tree is the slow-growing ‘Too Little’ Weeping fig. University of Florida IFAS Extension, Central Florida Research and Education Center: Ficus Production Guide. The Rubber plant (Ficus elastica), or Rubber tree, is a very popular species of leafy indoor plant from the ficus genus. Being easy to care for is one of the reasons why Audrey ficus plant is a good choice as a houseplant. The figs include many broadleaf evergreen and deciduous trees, as well as shrubs and lianas. You should plant it in pots or containers that allow the soil to drain well. It is another popular species in cultivation and a great plant for covering walls. Ficus carica is an Asian species of flowering plant in the mulberry family, known as the common fig.It is the source of the fruit also called the fig and as such is an important crop in those areas where it is grown commercially. The Mistletoe fig (Ficus deltoidea) is classed as a perennial variety of ficus that has thick waxy delta-shaped leaves. Planted as an outdoor ficus tree, the Indian Laurel needs to grow in subtropical and tropical climates. Also, changes to its position may cause the leaves to fall off. The Mistletoe fig is a type of shrub with spreading nature. Other Names: Fiddle Leaf Fig Tree, Ficus pandurata. The long spindly stems or trunks can be braided or pleated to form an attractive indoor ficus tree plant. Status: Not Native, EPPC(II) Specimen: View details of USF Herbarium specimens Ficus pumila, Climbing or Creeping Fig. There are also other ornamental ficus plants in Ficus benjamina species. Weeping fig (Ficus benjamina), for example, has oval, evergreen 2- to 4-inch leaves, and the rubber plant (Ficus elastica) has 8- to 12-inch oval, evergreen leaves. The tree’s fruit, which is pear-shaped, is actually a fleshy hollow receptacle, known technically as a synconium. This is also a hardy type of ficus plant to grow outdoors. Regular pruning also encourages new leaf growth and results in a bushy type of ficus tree. One of the interesting features growing this ficus shrub is that it grows tiny red-colored figs when it grows in bright sunshine. Classification within the genus Ficus : Index to Ficus species pages: Identification Keys and Field Guides : Regional & country checklists of Ficus species: … The Ficus elastica ‘Black Prince’ has dark burgundy thick shiny leaves. ( Life; Embryophyta (plants); Angiospermae (flowering plants); Eudicotyledons; Order: Rosales; Family: Moraceae; Genus: Ficus) To access these keys you will need to enable Java on your web browser. Nearly all indoor plants from the Ficus genus require plenty of light. The ficus should get plenty of light and a moderate amount of watering in a warm environment. However, with yearly pruning, you can keep its height much shorter. Fig plants have tiny, greenish flowers that grow facing each other inside hollow fruits or synconia. Common fig can be invasive in some areas, notes the University of California-Davis Information Center for the Environment's website. These woody trees, vines, shrubs, and plants belong to the family Moraceae. One popular way to grow the Weeping fig is to braid its trunks. Ficus Daniella is a type of ficus with thick waxy leaves that grows well as an indoor houseplant. Dwarf Weeping Cherry Trees - Including Care Guide (With Pictures), Ash Tree: Types, Bark and Leaves - Identification Guide (Pictures), Types of Redbud Trees: Eastern, Western, Chinese, and More (Pictures), The Best Desert Trees with Pictures and Names, Types of Ficus Trees: Outdoors and Indoors Ficus Plants (Including Pictures), 15 Small or Dwarf Evergreen Trees For Your Garden, Types of Shrubs: 18 Different Types of Bushes to Grow in Your Yard, Lilac Bush: Facts, How to Grow It, Care Tips and More. Varieties of figs can be identified by their leaves, growth habit and other features. One of the distinguishing features of this type of ficus tree is its violin-shaped leaves that are a deep glossy green color. Despite the fact that this type of ficus tree grows to enormous heights outdoors, you can keep it as a fairly compact indoor plant, as it will not grow nearly as big indoors. We take photos in habitat so that you can see how the plants look and grow in different seasons. So, this attractive indoors miniature ficus tree can be the centerpiece of a table or windowsill. Small and eventually large branches die. The Sacred Fig is a type of fast-growing tree that grows well in full sun. Because of its ‘creeping’ nature, this ficus variety grows well in pots where the green foliage can dangle down. Interactive key to the figs of New Guinea. It is also a good idea to rotate the container regularly to encourage even growth. University of California Integrated Pest Management Online: Ficus, Fig, Indian Laurel, Laurel Fig -- Ficus Spp. Fertilizing: Feed the baobab with liquid fertilizer every month in half concentration when it is time to … To keep the environment humid enough, regular misting helps the ficus plant to grow well. In fact, most people refer to the Ficus benjamina species as just ‘ficus.’. We describe the Opuntia species of the United States, and we provide multiple photographs so you can see details. This is a slow-growing ficus tree that grows into an ornamental house plant. Ficus, (genus Ficus), genus of about 900 species of trees, shrubs, and vines in the family Moraceae, many of which are commonly known as figs. Planting in a container will also help to contain its height. The Narrow Leaf fig can be grown indoors and is relatively easy to care for. The species-level diversity of Ficus in tropical forests is discussed. The Creeping fig (Ficus pumila) grows well both indoors and outdoors and is easy to grow. It has a velvety smooth appearance. Both species are hardy in USDA zones 10b through 11. In this article, you will learn about the many types of ficus trees that can add glossy foliage to your home or garden. Figs generally thrive in U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) plant hardiness zones 8 through 12, depending on the species. Spots become brown and leaves fall. This ficus tree also makes a good indoor houseplant. There are many types of ficus trees that make great houseplants and can also add greenery to your garden. Taxa not yet included in identification key Ficus carica, Ficus henneana : Key to the species : 1: Climber, neither epiphytic nor strangling, climbing by adventitious roots: Ficus pumila: Trees or shrubs, sometimes epiphytic or strangling: 2: 2: Native to Asia and Australia, the Indian Laurel (Ficus microcarpa) is in the classification of ficus trees. Ficus microcarpa, the easy bonsai Also called Ficus ginseng, microcarpa is actually a winding aerial root on which leaves grow directly. Even though the Fiddle-leaf ficus is a popular houseplant, it is quite fussy and difficult to care for. Another is the slow-growing ‘Snowflake’ variegated type of creeping ficus with white and green leaves and crinkly edges. Generally, species of plants in the ficus genus grow in a wide variety of environments. Pruning. Ficus is a pantropical genus of trees, shrubs, and vines occupying a wide variety of ecological niches; most are evergreen, but some deciduous species are endemic to areas outside of the tropics and to higher elevations. Where to plant a ficus tree outdoors. This type of ficus plant can be pruned to be an ornamental tree to provide plenty of shade in gardens. However, to grow the Mistletoe fig outdoors, it needs to be in a warm environment. Species Overview Suberites ficus (Linnaeus, 1767) is a big massive lobate, occasionally cylindrical, orange sponge with one or more conspicuous, large oscules. Ficus petiolaris is a popular bonsai species. Some growers braid the multiple stems of container-grown weeping figs until the stems grow as a single trunk. An identification key, illustrations, descriptions and habitats are provided. For example, the Ficus elastica ‘Variegata’ has leathery green leaves with creamy-white edging. In fact, compared to the Fiddle-leaf fig, the Audrey ficus isn’t very fussy at all. The long thin trunk can reach a height of up to 9.8 ft. (3 m) indoors. Characters for identification are explained. This can help to keep your growing indoor tree to a reasonable height. Ficus Species, Benjamin Fig, Chinese Banyan, Ficus Tree, Weeping Fig (Ficus benjamina) Care guide for the Fig / Ficus Bonsai tree (Ficus Retusa / Ginseng). This article provides guidelines for the identification and treatment of diseases that may be encountered during the commercial production of ornamental Ficus. If you stand this small ficus tree at a wall, you should rotate it once a week to prevent the leaves falling off. Ficus stipulata Thunb. As with most ficus plants, the Creeping fig enjoys plenty of light in indirect sunlight and moist soil. Audrey ficus is suitable for outdoors but you can also keep it compact as an indoor ficus plant. Ficus trees are also good to grow as ornamental plants or specimen trees in your yard or garden. However, it is sensitive to environmental changes and is best placed away from vents and drafts. In their natural setting, ficus trees can grow to a great height and their wide spread can provide a lot of shade. This species of ficus shrub-like tree grows outdoors to a height of around 6.5 ft. (2 m). Ficus pumila var. In general, it’s fairly easy to provide the right conditions for your ficus trees to thrive. species. Many fig trees and shrubs, however, have inedible, small fruits. Although weeping fig has thin, easily damaged bark, its branches and trunk resist breakage. The leaves can be a variety of colors from dark green with maroon veins to dark reddish-brown color with green edging. Fig tree (Ficus retusa, Ficus benjamina) A tropical tree with shiny green leaves and smooth grey bark. Interactive key to the figs of Gunung Palung National Park, West Kalimantan, Indonesia (Borneo) by Timothy Laman and George Weiblen. First, let’s look at some types of ficus trees that grow well outdoors. Despite the fact that this type of ficus tree grows to enormous heights outdoors, you can keep it as a fairly compact indoor plant, as it will not grow nearly as big indoors. The genus Ficus consists of more than 800 species, many of which are desirable foliage plants. There are also various Ficus elastica cultivars that also make for beautiful ornamental houseplants. Regular pruning of this type of ficus tree in the winter and spring can help to keep its height to a manageable level. In order to keep aggressively spreading creeping fig away from walls and buildings, the ground-cover's edges may need to be pruned. You can also increase humidity by misting the leaves regularly. They perform best in well-drained, moist soil in sites exposed to full sun or partial shade. The distinctive features of the Creeping fig are its small heart-shaped leaves and fast climbing growth. Although it needs a good amount of light, it also continues to grow in low light and little water. You can plant this ficus climbing vine in areas where you need ground cover in shady areas. You can also choose tree-type ficus plants to grow indoors as houseplants. Other cultivars from the Ficus pumila species include the ‘Curly’ ficus with its tiny cream and green-colored leaves. To keep a Weeping fig healthy, you should water it once a week so that the soil is moist. Other types of plants in the ficus genus are better suited as houseplants. Ficus scandens Lam. So wear gloves and goggles when you prune fig plants, and keep the pruning tools away from children. Usually, the Ficus elastica grows between 1 and 2 ft. (30 – 60 cm). The Sacred Fig (Ficus religiosa) species of ficus is a fast-growing type of tree that is well-suited to warm outdoor environments. For many plant lovers, this is the type of ficus that is the easiest to care for. Species: Ficus altissima Blume: Common Name: COUNCIL TREE: Plant Notes: For a discussion of identification and comparisons with F. benghalensis, see Barrett (1945). © Copyright 2020 Hearst Communications, Inc. The ficus species are commonly known as figs; they are part of the mulberry ( Moraceae) family of plants. References: Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD) - Caution: Some specimens shown may not be sequenced.DNA barcode provides evidence of relatedness not proof of identification. The best kind of soil for your indoor ficus plants to grow in is loamy soil that drains well. … Soil. Ficus The genus Ficus consists of more than 800 species, many of Bill Oehlke's species page for Pachylia ficus. The Audrey ficus (Ficus benghalensis) is classified as a species of tree ficus that has luscious dark green velvety leaves and striking cream-colored veins. However, if you wish, you can allow the Rubber plant to grow as high as 8 ft. (2.4 m) indoors. It feels firm, but contracts visibly when prodded. If you have this small indoor ficus tree plant in your home, it should be in a place that gets plenty of light. species Ficus pumila Name Synonyms Ficus hanceana Maxim. The spreading habit of ficus fig trees also provides good shelter in your garden. The Indian Laurel is also a popular type of bonsai ficus miniature tree. The thin flexible trunks can also be trained to grow how you like them. Aerial roots that grow from the branches toward the ground are a distinguishing feature of some figs, such as the banyan tree (Ficus benghalensis), which is hardy in USDA zones 10 through 12. As with most types of indoor ficus plants, the Rubber plant needs good light without too much direct sunlight. For example, the red fruit of the weeping fig and the green fruit of the rubber tree both measure less than 1/2 inch in diameter. Ficus fruits come in several colors including yellowish-green, copper, dark purple and bronze. As with many types of indoor ficus plants, moving its position and drafts can stress Weeping fig plant. Compared to other varieties of indoor and outdoor ficus trees, the Weeping fig has small leaves. lutchuensis Koidz. From among the many varieties of indoor ficus plants, the Weeping fig is fairly easy to care for. It is also one of the good luck plants according to the Feng Shui. It is also good to remember that some of these varieties of ficus trees make good indoor plants. Because the Indian Laurel needs a warm humid environment, cultivars of the Ficus microcarpa are popular as houseplants. There should be enough holes in the pot to allow excess water to drain. As with most types of indoor ficus trees, the Daniella ficus needs a good amount of bright light without being exposed to direct sunlight. Ficus trees have fleshy, convex fruits, containing seeds in nut form. Ficus longipedicellata H.Perrier Ficus minima Hort. ), Eucalypts (Eucalyptus spp. Of these there are at least a dozen species and hundreds of varieties that are suitable for bonsai cultivation. Ficus, also known as “fig,” is a group of more than 800 tropical and semitropical trees, shrubs and vines. Identify the weeping fig tree (F. benjamina) by its weeping form, its smooth, gray bark and oval, large, leathery leaves, which are usually bright green but can be grayish-green or yellowish depending on the cultivated variety. This type of ficus has thick waxy leaves and in a nice oval shape. There are about 850 species of plants in the ficus genus. The creeping fig (Ficus pumila) grows as a vine and will quickly cover any and all surfaces up to four stories. 2 2 ABSTRACT Ficus (Moraceae) is a large plant genus of considerable ecological, evolutionary and conservation interest.This study focused on the interaction between Ficus species and the vertebrates that eat their fruit (figs), thereby acting as potential seed dispersers. Indoors, you can also grow the Creeping fig up a moss pole. SHAUNA POTTER Opuntia tomentosa Opuntia monacantha 48 Although figs generally do not have serious disease problems, disinfect pruning tools in full strength household cleaner to prevent spreading diseases. Step 2 Or, you can train it to grow up walls or trellises like types of ivy. Many fig species have simple, smooth oval leaves. This is also called the Banana fig, Alii fig, or Banana-leaf ficus. The reason why indoor ficus trees are so popular is that they are very versatile and suit a wide range of interior design needs. Types of ficus trees include shrub-like plants, creeping vines, and woody trees. Twenty-seven species and two subspecies of Ficus are reported from one study site in central Africa. Ficus, also known as “fig,” is a group of more than 800 tropical and semitropical trees, shrubs and vines. Here are some of the best ways to care for your ficus plants. The large leaves of the fiddleleaf fig (F. lyrata) tend to give it a shape that branches less than other Ficus species when used as a houseplant. Compared to other types of indoor ficus plants, the Narrow Leaf fig is relatively easy to care for. When most people talk about a “ficus” plant, they refer to the ficus species ‘Weeping fig’ (Ficus benjamina). They are mostly evergreen trees, known for shedding leaves much like a deciduous tree during periods of drought. So, creeping fig plants are good indoors in hanging baskets or on a shelf. The best times to prune your ficus tree indoors is in spring and winter. The shape and size of fig plants can help you identify those plants. The Indian Laurel is a ficus tree that needs a warm humid environment. Pruning. One sign that you are over-watering your ficus houseplant is if the leaves turn yellow. Native primarily to tropical areas of East Asia, they are distributed throughout the world’s tropics. Either small or large, 16 inches to 3 feet (40 cm to 1 m), its gnarly bearing looks quite like a miniature tree, which is particularly ornamental. The Audrey ficus (Ficus benghalensis) is classified as a species of tree ficus that has luscious dark green velvety leaves and striking cream-colored veins. These hidden flowers often bloom year round, but most fruits appear in summer and fall. The Narrow Leaf fig (Ficus maclellandii ‘Alii’) is another species of ficus tree that grows well indoors. Light. The Rubber plant is a popular type of ficus plant with large beautiful leaves. The shape of this specimen ficus tree is why it is also referred to as a ‘lollipop.’, The common fig tree belongs to the ficus family of plants. In the right conditions, expect the plant to grow up to 10 ft. (3 m) tall. Most ornamental Ficus are used as interior trees; however, a few are shrublike or grow as vines (Henley and Poole 1989).F. This small ficus tree has a thin sturdy stem and its foliage can be pruned to resemble a large green glossy ball. An avid gardener, Evans has a Bachelor of Arts in political science from the University of New Hampshire, a Juris Doctor from Vermont Law School, and a personal trainer certificate from American Fitness Professionals and Associates. In a warm environment green with maroon veins to dark reddish-brown color with green edging a single.., its branches and trunk resist breakage ( 2.4 m ) tall ) family of plants the... Education Center: ficus, also known as “fig, ” is a tree or shrub bushy appearance has! Are part of the mulberry ( Moraceae ) family of plants in the classification of tree... Extensive surface roots of some fig varieties, including rubber trees have fleshy, convex fruits, containing in... Or partial shade the figs include many broadleaf evergreen and deciduous trees, large banyan,. 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